Tuesday, December 24, 2013

The PSE and poor public participation



THIS has been the century of the Philippine Stock Exchange (PSE). Since the beginning of the last decade, the local stock market has tripled in value. Billions upon billions of pesos have been invested in Filipino-owned companies. Dozens of small and large companies have listed in the PSE, converting family-held corporations to allow anyone to be an owner and share in their growth and profits.


However, public participation in the PSE is dismally low in comparison to the population and to our regional neighbors. And the biggest winners who have taken advantage of this financial boom in the Philippine stock market are foreigners.

Although it is one of the oldest stock markets in Asia, the PSE has yet to fulfill its purpose. The stock market was designed as an institution where established companies could take the next leap forward by raising capital in exchange for surrendering some privately held ownership. Companies with new, but tested and feasible, ideas should be able to come to the stock market to raise money to make those ideas a reality. Even long-established and financially successful companies, at some point, need to raise additional money.

One of the founders of the Bank of New York was Alexander Hamilton, the first US secretary of the Treasury. The bank was founded in 1784, making it the oldest bank in the United States. In 1792 its corporate stock became the first one to be traded on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE), as it raised money to increase its financial strength.

Certainly, companies take advantage of the stock market to increase their owners’ wealth, rather than to strengthen the company. The recent initial public offerings of Facebook Inc. and Twitter Inc. probably made those companies’ founders richer than the ones who bought the publicly listed stock.

But a stock market is a critical part of a nation’s financial system and its capital markets. Further, it is a way for ordinary citizens to participate in the growth of the economy, as corporate growth fuels economic growth.

The Philippine economy and Filipino companies are enormously larger now than they were 20 years ago. Yet, public participation in the PSE is almost the same as back then. The availability of stock-market investment vehicles for the public is now more user-friendly than it ever has been. Yet, Filipinos still do not invest.

You do not need to be wealthy to invest on the PSE. Unit trusts, mutual funds, the new First Metro Exchange Traded Fund—these offer ways for almost everyone to participate. An investment of P5,000 every three months is reasonable and acceptable.

The other disappointing thing is that, while Filipino nationalists encourage us to try locally produced goods and reduce dependence on imported ones, many of the largest companies in the country have substantial foreign ownership. We try to buy locally produced products and, yet, the profits from our purchases go to foreign owners who are based abroad.

The PSE, local stockbrokers, banks and independent financial consultants have invested many years trying to educate the public about the investment possibilities of the stock market. There has been a large outreach to get Filipinos to understand the advantages of stock-market investing. The “Old Boys’ Club” image is just plain silly. The idea that you have to be an expert to invest is wrong. Professionally managed mutual funds have a good track record.

Local companies pay dividends well above what people can get from saving in a bank. And putting a portion of excess wealth in the stock market is good for the country.

So what is the problem with this lack of public investment in the PSE?

All listed companies should have employee stock-purchase programs, not just for executives, but for the lowest member of the rank and file. Employees who feel they are owners do a better job. Further, these employees have a financial stake in the stock market.

The PSE itself should be more pro-active, and not just with its educational seminars. Public ownership of US stocks boomed when the NYSE began an advertising campaign in the 1970s: “Invest in the NYSE, Invest in America.” And the only time we hear the government talk about the stock market is to take undeserved credit whenever stock prices soar.

A viable and profitable partnership between the public and listed companies is important for both. Increased public ownership makes companies more responsible to its shareholders. Investors have a greater sense of involvement in the nation’s corporate life. Greater public ownership can help bridge the socioeconomic divide.

All those benefits are good for the Philippines.

E-mail me at mangun@gmail.com. Visit my web site at www.mangunonmarkets.com. Follow me on Twitter @mangunonmarkets. PSE stock-market information and technical analysis tools provided by the COL Financial Group Inc.


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